Educational backwardness in Telangana continues to be the serious problem, in spite of so called development. In a brief note like this some glimpses are provided..

1        In 2011, latest census data and literacy rates would be known. However as per 2001census Literacy rate in Telangana is 58.77, as against 61.11 for AP.

Growth of Literacy rate by Region- AP

(1951- 2001)

Year

Region

1981 1991 2001
Coastal Andhra 37.29 45.00 63.58
Rayalaseema 35.98 45.00 6053
Telangana 26.12 40.46 58.77
AP 35.66 44.08 61.11

The literacy levels reveal that Telangana continues to be in all three census years .Rayala seema recorded equal to that of Coastal Andhra in 1991. In all the census years, Adilabad, Medak, Mahabubnagar, and Nizamabad, the districts in Telangana are at the bottom of all the districts.

Litearacy Levels of the Districts of AP During 1981-2001

District 2001 1991 1981
Hyderabad 79.04 71.52 67.68
West Godvari 73.95 53.38 46.79
Krishna 69.91 53.16 49.24
Chittoor 67.46 49.75 37.60
Ranga Reddy 66.31 49.07 35.59
East Godvari 65.49 48.79 42.26
Cuddapah 64.02 48.12 36.92
Nellore 65.90 47.61 37.78
Guntur 62.80 46.35 42.39
Vishakhapatnam 59.45 45.51 33.27
Ananthapur 56.69 42.18 34.91
Khammam 57.72 40.50 30.83
Prakasham 57.86 40.30 34.94
Kurnool 54.43 39.97 34.49
Warangal 58.41 39.30 28.34
Nalgonda 57.84 38.00 27.04
Karimnagar 56.00 37.17 25.27
Srikakulam 55.94 36.22 27.19
Vizianagaram 51.82 34.19 21.79
Adilabad 53.51 32.96 22.57
Medak 53.24 32.41 25.75
Mahaboobnagar 45.53 29.58 23.71
Nizamabad 53.26 34.18 25.85
AndhraPradesh 61.11 44.08 34.91

Source: Census Data, 2001

3        The position of Degree Colleges as per 2007-08 is as follows.

AU NU SVU SKDU OU KU Total
Govt 35 15 24 22 28 29 153
Pr.Aided 27 51 19 11 35 5 148
Total 62 66 43 33 63 34 301

It is seen that there are 128 Degree colleges for nine Districts of Andhra area, as against 97 colleges for ten Districts of Telangana area. Further, Private aided colleges in Telangana are just 40 , as against 78 in Andhra region.

The position of Junior colleges is as follows for the year 2007-08

Region No of Colleges No of Students Teachers Teachers per Dist
Andhra-9 Districts 1593 591842 16650 1850
Rayalaseema-4Districts 599 47690 6463 1616
Telangana-10 Dists Including City & RR 1845 668983 18406 1840

Source: Department of Economics and Statistics, Govt of AP

In twin cities and RR districts, because of migration and several other factors the concentration of colleges is certainly high, but if these two districts are not counted, for remaining districts the colleges , enrolment and the number of teachers per district in Telangana Districts would be certainly lower.

Population Growth in Select Districts

State /District Population 2001 Decadal Growth rate
Persons 1981-1991 1991-2001
Andhra Pradesh 7,57,27,541 24.20 13.86
Adilabad 24,79,347 26.95 19.06
Nizambad 23,42,803 21.31 14.98
Mahbubnagar 35,06,876 25.87 13.97
Srikakulam 25,28,491 18.46 08.93
Viziangaram 22,45,103 17.00 06.36
Guntur 44,05,521 19.57 07.27
Kurnool 35,12,266 23.50 18.14
Cuddapah 25,73,481 17.47 13.48
Chitoor 37,35,202 19.14 14.54

Source: Census, 2001

Population Growth rates in certain Districts of AP, and the State as a whole is examined in this table. Mahabubnagar,and Adilabad which are considered as backward districts, recorded the population growth rate more than the state. growth rate both in 1991, and 2001.Kurnool, Cuddapah, Srikakulam, Vizianagaram are also treated as backward districts, but population growth rate is lower than state average, in both 1991, and 2001.In respect of literacy levels also it was seen that Mahabubnagar is at the bottom of the table.

Elementary Education in AP as on 30-09-2001—Region Wise

Coastal Andhra

Management No. of  Schools No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. Schools 23,447(42.60%) 20,41,169(43.57%) 50,208(45.08%)
Aided Schools 1,61682.(82.58%) 2,55,363(78.62%) 4,871(76.30%)
Unaided Schools 496(39.55%) 90,277(37.67%) 2,868(35.26%)
Total 25,559(47.08%) 23,86,809((45.47%) 57,947 (46.74%)

Rayalaseema

Management No. of  Schools No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. Schools 12,025(21.85%) 10,33,629(22.05%) 24,753 (22.62%)
Aided Schools 215(10.99%) 44,898(13.82%) 911(14.27%)
Unaided Schools 333(26.56%) 66,363(27.69%) 2,317(28.41)
Total 12,573(21.58%) 11,44,890(21.81%) 27,981(22.57%)

Telangana

Management No. of  Schools No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. Schools 19,566(35.55%) 16,09,874(34.36%) 34,474(31.50%)
Aided Schools 126(6.44%) 24,579(7.55) 602(9.43%)
Unaided Schools 425(33.89%) 83,036(34.05%) 2,972(36.43%)
Total 20,117(34.54%) 17,17,439(32.72%) 38,048(30.59%)

Andhra Pradesh

Management No. of  Schools No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. Schools 55,038 46,84,672 1,09,435
Aided Schools 1,957 3,24,790 6,384
Unaided Schools 1,254 2,39,676 8,157
Total 58,249 52,49,138 1,23,976

The analysis of Schools reveals that Telangana has 40% population in AP, but number of Schools, teachers, students is relatively low. In aided schools, the position is miserable, nealy 83% of Aided schools are in Coastal Andhra, and only 6.44% of schools are in Telangana.

The latest Statistical Abstract 2009 reveals:

Aided  schools:

Region Aided Primary Schools % to Total Aided Primary Schools Aided High Schools % to Total Aided High Schools
Coastal Andhra 1526 68.98 % 387 46.01 %
Rayala Seema 255 11.52 % 132 15.69 %
Telangana 431 19.48 % 322 38.28 %
Aided  Schools in AP 2212 841

It is seen that aided schools in Telangana both Primary and High Schools are relatively less and more in Coastal Andhra.

Drop Out Rates

  1. Drop out rates in elementary education as per 2007-08 for classes I-V are 10.12 for Andhra districts, 13.49 for Rayalaseema and .24,58 for Telangana Districts.          Mahabubnagar recorded 41.79 highest drop out rate, while Srikakulam recorded the lowest 2.71.Drop out rates indicate, that students are unable to complete even elementary education.
  2. Drop Out Rates for Classes 1 to X class, as per 2008-2009 are 56.27 % in Coastal Andhra, 41.33 % for Rayala Seema and 62.38 % for Telangana Districts. High Drop Out rates reflects wastage in education, poverty of parents, child labour and failure of Mid day meal schemes, etc.

Degree Colleges as on 2001

Coastal Andhra

Management No. of  colleges No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. colleges 57 32,034 1,209
Private colleges 93 1,28,247 4,433
Unaided colleges 277 87,118 5,157
Total 427 2,47,426 10,799

Rayalaseema

Management No. of  colleges No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. colleges 54 37,948 1,199
Private colleges 33 40,751 1,319
Unaided colleges 129 32,020 2,000
Total 216 1,10,719 4,438

Telangana

Management No. of  colleges No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. colleges 65 58,506 1,625
Private colleges 55 58,498 1,769
Unaided colleges 317 1,22,999 5,995
Total 437 2,40,003 9,389

Andhra Pradesh

Management No. of  colleges No. of  Students No. of Teachers
Govt. colleges 176 1,28,488 3,953
Private colleges 181 2,27,523 7,521
Unaided colleges 723 2,42,137 13,152
Total 1,080 5,98,148 24,626

According to the Data supplied by the Principal Secretary Government on Higher Education in 2006, the Position of Degree Colleges is as  follows:

Region No Govt Degree Colleges No Private Aided Colleges No Private Unaided Colleges No of Oriental Colleges Total No of Taken over Colleges
Telangana 67 53 609 15 744 27
Coastal Andhra 65 101 562 12 740 06
Rayala Seema 46 25 146 04 221 01
Total AP 178 179 1317 31 1705 34

The Grant in Aid released by the Government to the Private Aided Colleges is given below.

( Rupees in Crores )

Region 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07
Telangana 51.54 40.64 55.61
Coastal Andhra 128.65 171.82 139.30
Rayala Seema 42.43 39.24 42.35

Clear discrimination in grants is seen. Coastal Andhra get a lions share in Govt Grants.

UNIVERSITIES  IN  ANDHRA  PRADESH

  1. Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University (Hyderabad). —-State Wide
  2. Andhra University (Visakhapatnam). —Andhra
  3. The  English and Foreign Languages, University (Hyderabad ). —Central
  4. Dr B R Ambedkar Open University (Hyderabad ). —State wide
  5. Dravidian University —Kuppam Rayala seema
  6. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (Hyderabad)-Engg Hyd.
  7. Kakatiya University (Warangal). –Wgl
  8. Malladi Mahavidyalaya (Guntur) –Andhra——-
  9. Maulana Azad National Urdu University –Central
  10. Nagarjuna University (Guntur) –Andhra
  11. Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences(Hyderabad)–Statewide.
  12. NTR University of Health Sciences —Vijayawada
  13. NALSAR University of LawJustice City Hyderabad
  14. National Institute of Technology –Warangal-National
  15. Osmania University(Hyderabad). Telangana
  16. Potti Sri Ramulu Telugu University(Hyderabad). –Statewide
  17. Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth(Tirupati). –Thirupati
  18. Sri Krishnadevaraya University (Anantapur) –Ananthapur-Rayala Seema
  19. Sri Padmavati Mahila Vishvavidyalayam (Tirupati). –Tirupati-Rayala Seema
  20. Sri Venkataswara Institute Of Medical Sciences (Tirupati). –Tirupati—Rayala Seema
  21. Sri Venkateswara University(Tirupati). –Tirupati—Rayala seema
  22. Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning (Ananthapur).
  23. University of Health Sciences Andhra Pradesh (Vijayawada). –Vijayawada
  24. University of Hyderabad (Hyderabad ). —Central( Six-point Formula )
  25. International Institute of Information Technology-Statewide
  1. Telangana University, Nizamabad, Recently Started, NO Buildings, no grants, no staff
  1. Palamoor University, Mahabubnagar               —-do——-
  1. Mahatma Gandhi University, Nalgonda            ——do——
  1. Satavahana University, Karimnagar               ——do——–
  1. Yogi Vemana University, Cuddapah/   Good buildings, fully equipped with staff and infrastructure.
  1. Adi Kavi Nannaya University, Rajahmundry
  1. JNTU University, East Godavari, Kakinada
  1. JNTU University, Ananthapur.
  1. JN Architecture & Fine Arts university, Hyderabad
  1. Gandhi Institute of Tech& Managemant, Vizag
  1. Krishna University, Machlipatnam
  1. Vikram Simhapuri University, Nellore
  1. Dr. Br Ambedkar University, Srikakulam
  1. Rayala Seema University, Kurnool

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